The Home edition of Windows XP allows users to keep their information private to themselves, while the Professional version supports access control and encryption of individual files and folders. The file system is inherently more resilient than FAT, being less likely to suffer damage in the event of a system crash and it being more likely that any damage is recoverable via the chkdsk. NTFS also journalises all file changes, so as to allow the system to be rolled back to an earlier, working state in the event of some catastrophic problem rendering the system inoperable.
The smaller the cluster size, the more efficiently a disk stores information because unused space within a cluster cannot be used by other files; the more clusters supported, the larger the volumes or partitions that can be created. The table below provides a comparison of volume and default cluster sizes for the different Windows file systems still commonly in use:. Microsoft created the New Technology File System in , and it is now the most widely used file system in Windows.
It was introduced as a replacement for the FAT file system, designed to improve upon FAT by increasing performance, reliability and disk space.
Choosing the right operating system depends on your needs. There is no clear winner when it comes to FAT vs. Choosing the right file system depends on your individual needs and uses. To learn more about the best data storage and data recovery for your business, contact Datto. In addition, the FAT tables and the root directory must be stored in a fixed location so that the system's boot files can be correctly located. A disk formatted with FAT is allocated in clusters, whose size is determined by the size of the volume.
When a file is created, an entry is created in the directory and the first cluster number containing data is established. This entry in the FAT table either indicates that this is the last cluster of the file, or points to the next cluster. Updating the FAT table is very important as well as time consuming. If the FAT table is not regularly updated, it can lead to data loss. It is time consuming because the disk read heads must be repositioned to the drive's logical track zero each time the FAT table is updated.
There is no organization to the FAT directory structure, and files are given the first open location on the drive. In addition, FAT supports only read-only, hidden, system, and archive file attributes. FAT uses the traditional 8. The name of a file or directory can be up to eight characters long, then a period. The name must start with either a letter or number and can contain any characters except for the following:. If any of these characters are used, unexpected results may occur.
The name cannot contain any spaces. It is not possible to perform an undelete under Windows NT on any of the supported file systems. Undelete utilities try to directly access the hardware, which cannot be done under Windows NT. For further discussion of FAT advantages, see the following:. Windows NT Server 4. This is because as the size of the volume increases, performance with FAT will quickly decrease.
The system also has a great amount of fault tolerance. It means that if the transaction fails due to power or system failure, the logged transactions are used to recover the data.
NTFS supports bad-cluster mapping. It means that the file system detects bad clusters or areas of the disk with errors. If there is any data in those clusters, it is retrieved and stored in another area. The bad clusters are marked to prevent data storage in those areas in the future. The following are the different types of file systems. FAT file system used by Windows supports long file name. The full path of file including filename can be up to characters long.
File names can contain spaces and multiple periods. The characters after the last period are treated as file extension. Security FAT does not support local and folder security.
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